Many labor intense and time-consuming techniques are currently available for RNA isolation, purification and quantification. Quantification of RNA samples is done by measuring their absorption at 260 nm, when the quality and integrity of RNA samples are generally based on gel electrophoresis accompanied by ethidium bromide visualization (1–3).The… Read More


The spore loses its characteristic constituents, and warmth resistance decreases dramatically. In the final phase drinking water is taken up, and metabolism (synthesis of ATP, proteins and genetic substance) resumes. Warmth activation is a vital factor in the incidence of the shoulder in the survival curve of bacterial spores on heating.Its classif… Read More


Bacterial endotoxins and/or LPS of Gram adverse microorganisms stimulates the host macrophages (that happen to be professional antigen presenting cells) to launch inflammatory cytokines as aforementioned; and also the too much inflammation induced during the host as a result of the release of these chemical messengers could lead to multiple organ f… Read More